E-marketing Plan for Lexus Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

E-showcasing Plan for Lexus - Assignment Example With the assistance of that this paper investigations the circumstance, factors, openings, issues, and so forth. And afterward at last need to take choice, which methodology we will follow. I feel there may be a few weaknesses of my arranging. Be that as it may, it would take thought that, in the event that it can beat the irregularities appropriately that found in charge stage, and afterward it won't be hard for LEXUS to recapture the lost position. LEXUS has increased a meriting status for turning out completely refined extravagance vehicles. The signs of this brand are a quiet, all around made lodge, a rich ride and admirable exhibition from incredible and about quiet motors. It was propelled by Toyota in the fall of 1989; the Lexus line speaks to its push to make a world-class extravagance vehicle brand. Preparation for the Lexus line was laid in the mid-'80s, when the organization started tapping U.S. center gatherings trying to characterize structure ideas most appropriate for American clients. By the mid 1990s, the Lexus brand was extended to different markets, including the United Kingdom, Canada and Australia.4 As a Marketing Executive of LEXUS, as to make a blueprint e-promoting plan for my association. 1. 1-2: Problem Statement: 1. I might want to make the arrangement by investigating circumstance that we are in now, goals where we need to get to, technique how we will arrive, strategies subtleties of the system, activities how to actualize the procedure, controls observing and inspecting where we are going. 2. Deciding if the arrangement would be practical, and finish capable ideal or not. Alongside that what will happen when and was that expected or not. Section 2: RESEARCH DESIGN 2-1: Methodology: E-advertising indicate sell of any merchandise or administrations utilizing advanced innovations. These innovations are a significant

Alcohol Abuse by Quentin McCarthy

Liquor Abuse by Quentin McCarthy Presentation This article centers around liquor maltreatment by Quentin McCarthy. It utilizes the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) to assess McCarthy’s phase of reliance and gives potential intercessions to recuperation. Generally speaking, the article shows that McCarthy must get a suitable analysis, arrangement alternatives, and treatment modalities.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Alcohol Abuse by Quentin McCarthy explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to McCarthy’s spouse, McCarthy used to drink to have great time, yet today, he drinks since he needs liquor. This makes McCarthy a decent contender for social insurance proficient assessment and intercession since his condition shows perilous drinking and liquor reliance. Screening instrument: the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) MAST created in 1971 by Selzer is the most generally utilized yes or no poll that has 25 inquiries, which comprise of valid o r bogus alternatives (Zung, 1982). These decisions are of noteworthy worries on â€Å"legal, clinical, and psychosocial issues, control of liquor admission among individuals with liquor problems† (Zung, 1982). The point of MAST is to decide the degree of liquor utilization dependent on reactions gave and plan techniques of helping the operator with respect to abundance utilization of liquor. One can without much of a stretch control the MAST as a type of semi-organized meeting or review poll. The procedure is basic once the specialist has taken the study. It includes summation of the considerable number of scores of the things in the review. Things may have novel weight appointed so as to rate the degree of the issue. The evaluator can acquire the total score and settle on the appropriate suggestion for the patient or he can be the scores on a given cut-off focuses when screening liquor addiction. Past investigations have demonstrated the need to improve the MAST dependent on the length of the poll and various conditions that may impact the respondent (Zung, 1982; Shields, Howell, Potter and Weiss, 2007). All the things in MAST center around â€Å"symptoms of risky drinking and negative outcomes related with the utilization of alcohol† (Shields et al.,2007). Respondents who get high scores show high paces of liquor issue, which requires intervention.Advertising Looking for article on brain science? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The MAST gives points of interest to clients since it offers multidimensional ways to deal with the assessment of liquor issue. Be that as it may, researchers don't concur on the specific number of such factors (Shields et al.,2007). Evaluators who utilize the MAST accept that it depends on a solitary total score, yet there are some minor changes to questions. This makes the way to deal with give uniform aftereffects of respondents. The MAST illuminates the test of characterizing liquor addiction conditions in various stages, which has been a significant wellspring of worry to evaluators. Henceforth, evaluators have depended on the MAST and other grades to measure liquor issue and give their expert sentiments after determinations. The MAST is a straightforward instrument that beats difficulties of rating liquor issue. Determination (a total 5-hub diagnosis). McCarthy’s liquor addiction finding utilizing tomahawks McCarthy shows alcoholâ€related mental conditions. Unmistakably, overwhelming utilization of liquor has influenced and adjusted cerebrum synthetic and hormonal frameworks, which influence the advancement of numerous psychological issue identified with temperament and uneasiness. One can watch these manifestations and sings. The customer additionally has alcoholâ€induced mental disorder. These conditions (state of mind, nervousness, and maniacal issue among others) have come about because of the wide scope of liquor men tal impacts related with overwhelming drinking. Pivot I: Clinical Disorders Anxiety issue Although tension issue might be available in everyone, McCarthy has created nervousness issue because of reliance on liquor. This is a liquor initiated sadness. The beginning and the course of McCarthy’s tension issue follow designs related with the transitory liquor withdrawal. Bipolar Disorder Studies have demonstrated that bipolar issue, which is principally insanity or manicâ€depressive ailment is the second issue after tension issue in pivot I issue. Bipolar confusion results from overwhelming drinking and liquor reliance. McCarthy is an insane person tolerant who has become an overwhelming shopper and reliant on alcohol.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Alcohol Abuse by Quentin McCarthy explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Diagnosing this condition can introduce impressive difficulties. This may happen due to underreporting of indications or off base answers in the review, complex state of mind changes from liquor abuse, constrained demonstrative precision, related conditions with comparative side effects, and association in pleasurable exercises with companions to receive business consequently (regular among insanities). McCarthy didn't rely upon different medications other than liquor. This has not convoluted his condition and the determination procedure. In different cases, precise finding is essential through a cautious investigation of the patient history so as to find past inclinations and sequential request of liquor addiction in light of the fact that few patients with bipolar turmoil likewise misuse different medications other than liquor. Autonomous Major Depression Past examinations have indicated that numerous treatment-chasing alcoholic patients experience mind-set unsettling influences. Despite the fact that state of mind aggravations may not be serious turmoil, it is regular among individuals with liquor issue since disposition issue influences most heavy drinkers at certain focuses during their drinking period. McCarthy’s state of mind issue falls in the accompanying three classifications. Sudden and short impacts of liquor depressant on his psychological capacities A composed arrangement of side effects and signs that show liquor prompted scatter with burdensome signs A significant issue that exists nearby other mental issues before drinking periods A cautious examination and characterization of burdensome conditions in McCarthy uncovers that he experiences a comorbid burdensome conditions. In spite of the fact that there are disagreeable issues about the specific circumstances and logical results relationship among liquor abuse and misery, burdensome cases may originate before right on time before patients start liquor utilization. Liquor causes liquor actuated disposition issue among individuals with liquor issues. It is conceivable that McCarthy additionally encounters b urdensome instances of a significant burdensome issue. As such, he used to endure burdensome request before beginning to devour liquor, and afterward energized the burdensome issue with liquor. This condition may persevere in any event, for an extensive stretch after forbearance. A few investigations have built up that types of burdensome issue vary among patients. There were instances of liquor instigated misery and autonomous burdensome issue having various attributes. A further investigation of the patient history, social relations, sedate use, liquor addiction treatment, and self destruction endeavors could show varieties in disorders.Advertising Searching for paper on brain research? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Hub II: Personality Disorders and Mental Retardation McCarthy gives a few indications of liquor reliance and mental issue. Liquor abuse reliance relates with numerous types of mental issue, which may grow regardless of liquor utilization and misuse. These autonomous issue made McCarthy to be inclined to liquor misuse and other related issues. McCarthy shows one of the most widely recognized scatters among individuals with liquor issue. He has standoffish character issue (ASPD), which is inside the subsequent pivot. In spite of the fact that McCarthy held his battles to a moderate level, he was as yet hostile to social. Additionally, he just drank with individuals so as to sell them protection arrangements. McCarthy likewise gives indications of fanatical or enthusiastic issue in the way he expends liquor. Subsequently, McCarty has built up a long and reliable example of flightiness and maltreatment of his business associates’ rights. McCarthy can no longer offer protection to his customers in light of the urgent issue to expend liquor reliably. To put it plainly, McCarthy’s business partner was not happy in light of the fact that her significant other was â€Å"doing business with a lush†. Pivot III: General Medical Condition These are essentially physical clinical issues, which individuals with liquor issues show. They are basic for understanding the states of mind of a customer or in controlling the client’s mental clutters. For example, McCarthy’s specialist educated him that the steady torment over his navel was a ulcer. Henceforth, McCarthy needed to quit drinking for his wellbeing. Hub IV: Psychosocial and Environmental Problems McCarthy has encountered a few moves identified with his activity. Numerous clients have abandoned his protection business unmitigatedly. Notwithstanding, one long-lasting customer of the office left the business after his significant other remarked that she was not happy that he was â€Å"doing business with a lush†. This takeoff harmed McCarthy’s pride and his business. Pivot V: Global Assessment of Functioning McCarthy as of now faces issues identified with financial or loss of clients, occupation, and social issues because of liquor reliance. Forty: McCarthy shows extreme disability in zones identified with work, occupation, and social relations, judgment, disposition, and uneasiness. Treatment situation choices McCarthy has been deferring his choice to find support from proficient on account of liquor issue. Mediations from the family and informal communities of individuals with liquor issue may assist them with recognizing that they have liquor issue. Howev

Understanding Abnormal Psychology

Understanding Abnormal Psychology Theories Print Understanding Abnormal Psychology By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on October 03, 2019 Laguna Design / Science Photo Library / Getty Images More in Theories Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In This Article Table of Contents Expand Overview Perspectives Psychological Disorders Abnormalities View All Back To Top Abnormal psychology is a branch of psychology that deals with psychopathology and abnormal behavior, often in a clinical context. The term covers a broad range of disorders, from depression to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) to personality disorders. Counselors, clinical psychologists, and psychotherapists often work directly in this field. Overview In order to understand abnormal psychology, its essential to first understand what we mean by the term abnormal. On the surface, the meaning seems obvious; abnormal indicates something thats outside of the norm. Many human behaviors can follow what is known as the normal curve. Looking at this bell-shaped curve, the majority of individuals are clustered around the highest point of the curve, which is known as the average. People who fall very far at either end of the normal curve might be considered abnormal. Its important to note that the distinctions between normal and abnormal are not synonymous with good or bad. Consider a characteristic such as intelligence. A person who falls at the very upper end of the curve would fit under our definition of abnormal; this person would also be considered a genius. Obviously, this is an instance where falling outside of the norms is actually a good thing. When you think about abnormal psychology, rather than focus on the distinction between what is normal and what is abnormal, focus instead on the level of distress or disruption that a troubling behavior might cause. If a behavior is causing problems in a persons life or is disruptive to other people, then this would be an abnormal behavior that may require some type of mental health intervention. Perspectives There are a number of different perspectives used in abnormal psychology. While some psychologists or psychiatrists may focus on a single viewpoint, many mental health professionals use elements from multiple areas in order to better understand and treat psychological disorders. These perspectives include: The psychoanalytic approach:  This perspective has its roots in the theories of Sigmund Freud.?? The psychoanalytic approach suggests that many abnormal behaviors stem from unconscious thoughts, desires,  and memories. While these feelings are outside of awareness, they are still believed to influence conscious actions. Therapists who take this approach believe that by analyzing memories, behaviors, thoughts, and even dreams, people can uncover and deal with some of the feelings that have been leading to maladaptive behaviors and distress.The behavioral approach:  This approach to abnormal psychology focuses on observable behaviors.?? In behavioral therapy, the focus is on reinforcing positive behaviors and not reinforcing maladaptive behaviors. The behavioral approach targets only the behavior itself, not the underlying causes. When dealing with abnormal behavior, a behavioral therapist might utilize strategies such as classical conditioning and operant conditioning to help eliminat e unwanted behaviors and teach new behaviors.The medical approach:  This approach to abnormal psychology focuses on the biological causes of mental illness, emphasizing understanding the underlying cause of disorders, which might include genetic inheritance, related physical illnesses, infections, and chemical imbalances. Medical treatments are often pharmacological in nature, although medication is often used in conjunction with some type of psychotherapy.The cognitive approach:  The cognitive approach to abnormal psychology focuses on how internal thoughts, perceptions,  and reasoning contribute to psychological disorders. Cognitive treatments typically focus on helping the individual change his or her thoughts or reactions. Cognitive therapy might also be used in conjunction with behavioral methods in a technique known as cognitive behavioral therapy  (CBT). Types of Psychological Disorders Psychological disorders are defined as patterns of behavioral or psychological symptoms that impact multiple areas of life. These mental disorders create distress for the person experiencing symptoms. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) and is used by mental health professionals for a variety of purposes. The manual contains a listing of psychiatric disorders, diagnostic codes, information on the prevalence of each disorder, and diagnostic criteria. Some of the categories of psychological disorders include: Substance use disordersMood disorders, such as depression and bipolar disorderAnxiety disorders, such as social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and generalized anxiety disorderNeurodevelopmental disorders, such as an intellectual disability or autism spectrum disorderNeurocognitive disorders like deliriumPersonality disorders, such as borderline personality disorder, avoidant personality disorder, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder How Understanding Abnormalities Can Improve Lives Abnormal psychology may focus on atypical behavior, but its focus is not to ensure that all people fit into a narrow definition of normal. In most cases, it is centered on identifying and treating problems that may be causing distress or impairment in some aspect of an individuals life. By better understanding what is abnormal, researchers and therapists can come up with new ways to help people live healthier and more fulfilling lives.

Muslim Women and Hip-Hop - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1046 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/10/10 Category Religion Essay Tags: Islam Essay Did you like this example? One look at this title and you probably went: â€Å"here they go again, trying to justify haram†. We are so sorry you has that thought and we sincerely want you to know that this title came from a place of kindness regarding the Muslim woman and her identity. We definitely did not pick this title to kick against valid religious opinions and doctrines, we just want you to take a step back and see how music could benefit you as a human. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Muslim Women and Hip-Hop" essay for you Create order We hope you read on from this point but if you really do not want to, we completely understand – Allah Allahm (Allah knows best). There has generally been a lot of struggle for Muslims concerning music, especially since it is not religiously permissible. Asides from being very handy at parties, music has been used in a lot of different ways some people need it to reach a creative environment that connects them to the true beauty of their art, others use it as a way of calming themselves in situations they can’t handle or simply want to enjoy. We have nasheeds (Islamic songs produced with instruments), which include the greatness of Allah (S.W.T) and the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) a few Islamic teachings. Speaking of teachings, music have been used as a way to help people learn bulks of information that would rather have taken longer to grasp and this stays on in their memories forever. The fact that music is not allowed for Muslims has posed serious friction in the application of both cultures. Individuals find themselves having to gauge one over the other and eventually either mix them regardless, or go with being a Muslim – sending music back into its â€Å"forbidden† den. Speaking of culture, Islam historically and for many years had a bias against music that wasn’t from the Middle East or other regions. This sort of negates the whole point of the restriction. Again, this is not to score points for music, but to see it as a means of inspiration and encouragement for people’s being or perceptio ns. Let’s talk about Muslim artistes in music – particularly women – with no specifics or name dropping. Apart from being our appearance, the hijab is also an identity and beyond the hijab, we are humans who are susceptible to everything possible that humans can go through. This means that we seek for encouragement and inspiration from different places, just as humans do and also react to things in unique way like humans. Do you get it yet? We’re humans too! Part of the reasons why we created this collective is to address the reasons why a lot of Muslim artists (especially women) have been scarce from the mainstream. Support is almost non-existent because, their craft is seen as â€Å"prohibited† and as such, people won’t really support a religiously prohibited craft. Have you ever imagined a Muslim woman in hijab and in hip hop? You don’t like that combination, right? Your dislike simply translated into hurt for us. Let’s take a moment to quickly brush through how there was more backlash than support or even some form of empathy. To the Muslim ummah, we were wrong in the way we were expressing ourselves, which made the messages we were trying to pass on, lost in the noise. As unique Muslim women, we have tolled this path because of the benefits that music poses to our human side and its survival. There are a number of things that you might be missing out on and these things are great for not only the younger generation, but the society at large. Again, we are in no way negating religious opinions here. We just hope that you would come on to our side and see a few, if not all reasons with us. Music is ingrained with a lot of healing benefits that you might find interesting. Boosts positive emotions This has also been confirmed by Neuroscientists. They discovered that the centers of the brain stimulates dopamine hits that causes us to feel positive emotions. Listening to music literally puts the lights on in our brains. With the way our daily life is woven, who wouldn’t love some positivity all the time? Neuroscientists have worked hard to show you that positivity is certainly possible through music. Keeps you calm Like we mentioned in a paragraph earlier, some people listen to music to bring them calm. Sometimes, you might not be paying attention to what is playing in your head but the mere fact that it’s playing, transports you to a whole other universe that you can call your own as well as just relax in. it doesn’t matter if the previous mood you were in was one that had you riled up, music has a way of lowering tension and subtly making you feel at ease. Two reasons are definitely too few to help you understand its benefits, but music is a healing tool rather than a negative one. If you are a creative person who loves to churn out amazing, unique pieces and are reading this, you will find that music helps to bring in that touch of difference to your work. This in turn improves work performance. Music is mostly applied to parties and dancing (dancing is also a craft for some), but maybe as Muslims, we can recognize the reason behind the adoption of our kind of music. Hip hop has different facets which can be found in individual delivery, so we urge you to view things from our own side of the spectrum before deciding for yourself on if it’s good or bad. We do hope you go for the former though! Healing is great for us as humans and as Muslims. We spread life changing messages through our craft as female artistes – messages you can relate with and that can help you navigate life better. We understand your principles and would love for you to support us in circulating these lessons, healing as many people per different periods of times as we all can. Do you hear the music? It’s calling, waiting to help you mend and blend anything you want in whichever way you need.

Burden Of A Athlete s Beauty Test - 1204 Words

Juanita Mainoo Professor Warren English 1302-59 31 October 2014 Burden Look to the left. Look to the right. Who do you see? For some people they see other human beings of all shapes and sizes going on about their daily lives. For others, those human are replaced by bars and standards by which they are comparing themselves too. This overwhelming sense to pass society’s beauty test can lead to psychological illnesses known as eating disorders. The reality is that today’s society pushes people, primarily young women, to physically push their body to the point of perfection. As a collegiate athlete there are many times in which I have seen pro-athletes and even my own teammates feel so much of that same pressure to stay competitive, in†¦show more content†¦Purging anorexia is when weight loss is achieved by vomiting or using laxatives and diuretics (Help Guide). Life for anorexia patients becomes centered on only one thought, remaining thin and losing weight, although it is never enough. This is related to why 90-95% of anorexia suffe rers are girls and women. Possessing one of the highest death rates of any mental condition, and typically appearing in the early to mid-adolescence, highlights the importance of knowing exactly what anorexia looks like before help can be offered (NEDA). Bulimia, on the other hand, is characterized by the refusal of the patient to maintain a body weight at or above a minimally normal weight for their age or height. This stems from an intense fear of weight gain. Although the exact cause of bulimia is unknown, there are many possible factors that could play a role in bulimia’s development such as biology, societal expectations, and emotional health. Just as anorexia can be divided into two categories, bulimia can be classified as either purging or non-purging. Purging incorporates regularly self-inducing vomit while a non-purging patent will use other methods to rid themselves of calories such as fasting (Mayo Clinic). In contrast to anorexia, a person suffering from bulimia is usually not underweight. In fact, many people with bulimia are overweight or obese

Bath Salts Free Essays

SaltsHistory: 1960s– MDPV was developed for treatment of chronic fatigue, but caused problems of abuse and dependence. 1969:  Boehringer Ingelheim filed a patent application for MDPV. 2005:  MDPV first appeared as recreational drug. We will write a custom essay sample on Bath Salts or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2007:  First seizure of MDPV as a recreational drug, by customs officials in German state of Saxony. 2008:  First seizure of MDPV in the United States. 2009:  MDPV became illegal in Denmark. 2010:  MDPV made a controlled drug in the UK, Sweden, Germany, Australia and Finland. First reports of the widespread retail marketing of ‘bath salts’ containing MDPV in the U. S. The US recognizes both Mephedrone (July, 2010) and MDPV (December, 2010) â€Å"a drug and chemical of concern†. 2011:  MDPV sale and possession are banned in Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Utah, Virginia, Washington State (as of November 3, 2011), West Virginia, Wisconsin and Wyoming, with legislation being introduced in many other states. The DEA moved to temporarily ban MDPV, Mephedrone and Methylone on October 21, 2011 2012:  Permanent U. S. ban is imminent on few, select chemicals. In 2012 the Congress passed the  Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act—Synthetic Drugs which will list MDPV and Mephedrone, but not Methylone. Facts/Terminology: â€Å"Bath Salts† are man made products of naturally occurring drugs, created and made popular by â€Å"armchair chemists† encouraged by profit potential and whose business insight is much more developed than their chemistry abilities. MDPV is a legal stimulant who’s chemical name is Methylenedioxypyrovalerone, the active ingredient in â€Å"Bath Salts†. Mephedrone, is a synthetic drug of the amphetamine class. Although the drug is not related to actual bath salts, it’s sometimes sold under the label. It is made from various amphetamine-like chemicals, and can be inhaled, swallowed or injected. The drug is also sold under other product labels such as: jewelry cleaner, iPod cleaners, insect repellent, iPod screen cleaners, pump-it-up powder, etc. Slang Names: Red Dove, Blue Silk, Zoom, Bloom, Cloud Nine, Ocean Snow, Lunar Wave, Vanilla Sky, Hurricane Charlie, Ivory Wave, White Lightning, Scarface, Purple Wave, Blizzard, Star Dust, Lovey-Dovey, Snow Leopard, Aura. Short Term Effects: -Rapid heart beat, Sweating, Anxiety, Hypertension, Mild Stimulation, Aggression, Insomnia, Increased body temp, chills, sweating, Agitation, Breathing difficulty, Confusion , Dizziness, Headache, Pupil dilation, Nosebleeds, Increased alertness/awareness. Long Term Effects: Fits and delusions, Hallucinations, Kidney pain, Lack of appetite, Liver failure, Loss of bowel control, Muscle spasms, Muscle tenseness, Vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood cells), Nausea. Stomach cramps, Digestive problems, Psychotic delusion, Renal failure, Rhabdomyolysis (release of muscle fiber contents [myoglobin]—could lead to kidney problems), Severe paranoia, Suicidal thoughts, Tachycardia (rapid heartbeat), Tinnitus. Laws and Enforcement: â€Å"U. S. laws prohibit the sale or possession of all substances that mimic illegal drugs, but only if federal prosecutors can show that they are intended for human use. People who make bath salts and similar drugs work around this by printing ‘not for human consumption’ on virtually every packet. † (CNN 2011)† Economics: Scientists that are just starting out , make strong bath salts and sell them at $15 a package. The formulation varies, and its effects are not fully understood, though research suggests it is highly addictive. In 2010, poison-control centers reported receiving 304 phone calls related to bath salts; in 2011 the number of calls soared to 6,138. Bibliographies: * Austin. Many Synthetic Drugs Still Legal after â€Å"bath Salts† Ban. †Ã‚  CBSNews. CBS Interactive, 4 Aug. 2012. Web. 03 Nov. 2012. http://www. cbsnews. com/8301-201_162-57479901/many-synthetic-drugs-still-legal-after-bath-salts-ban/. * â€Å"Bath Salts May Be as Addictive as Cocaine, Study Suggest† Live Science. Bryner, Jeanna. October 30, 2012. http://www. livescience. com/21825-bath-salts-addictive-cocaine. html † ‘B ath Salts’ -Emerging and Dangerous Products† NIDA. Volkow, Nora D. October 30, 2012. http://www. drugabuse. ov/about-nida/directors-page/messages-director/2011/02/bath-salts-emerging-dangerous-products â€Å"Bath Salts† Drug Guide. October 30, 2012. http://www. drugfree. org/drug-guide/bath-salts â€Å"Bath Salts† Above the Influence. October 30, 2012. http://abovetheinfluence. com/facts/drugsbathsalts â€Å"Synthetic Drug Known as Bath Salts† Poison Help. October 30, 2012. http://www. poisoncentertampa. org/drug-abuse. aspx#bath-salts * â€Å"The Straight Dope on What Bath Salts Do to Your Brain And Why They’re Dangerous† Forbes. DiSalvo, David. October 30, 2012. ttp://www. forbes. com/sites/daviddisalvo/2012/06/05/the-straight-dope-on-what-bath-salts-do-to-your-brain-and-why-theyre-dangerous/ * Austin. â€Å"The Synthetic Scare. †Ã‚  The Economist. The Economist Newspaper, 04 Aug. 2012. Web. 03 Nov. 2012. http://www. economist . com/node/21559978. * Duncan, Glenn. â€Å"HDAP – Comprehensive Drug Information on â€Å"Bath Salts† (MDPV, Mephedrone). †Ã‚  HDAP – Comprehensive Drug Information on â€Å"Bath Salts† (MDPV, Mephedrone). Hunterdon Drug Awareness Program, 29 June 2012. Web. 03 Nov. 2012. http://www. hdap. org/mdpv. html How to cite Bath Salts, Essay examples

The Impact Of The Case free essay sample

# 8220 ; Plessy V. Ferguson # 8221 ; On America Essay, Research Paper The instance of Plessy vs. Ferguson affected the United States greatly. The determination of # 8220 ; Separate but Equal # 8221 ; made the segregation of the races legal. There were separate churches, schools, libraries, and all things in between. It helped go on favoritism and hatred of Negroes. The Jim Crow Laws were Torahs that did every possible thing to maintain the black adult male little. 1. No vote rights. 2. Job favoritism. 3. Separate, but # 8220 ; equal # 8221 ; installations. This determination fueled public violences and societal agitation for old ages to come in America, and led to at least 3000 lynchings and combustions from 1882 up until 1900. This was when the Southerners enacted the ill-famed Jim Crow Laws that caused black public violences and some # 8220 ; sit down work stoppages # 8221 ; where people refused to either leave someplace, or work in mills. One more outstanding 1 was where inkinesss refused to sit coachs, doing bankruptcy for the companies. We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact Of The Case or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Th e civil rights motion wasn’t at all set back by the â€Å"Separate but Equal† determination. In fact, it was intensified in protest to the philosophy, which was repealed after the â€Å"Brown vs. Board of Education† Case, thereby leting incorporate schools. After the Plessy vs. Ferguson Trial, life for inkinesss inched frontward, steadily deriving rights and privileges through the twentieth century. Rosa Parks was arrested for declining to travel out of a coach place for a white individual. Martin Luther King Jr. spoke out against segregation and for equal rights, and was assassinated in 1968. Even as we speak, inkinesss and other minorities are get downing to hold a greater influence on our society. In 1995, immense Numberss of African Americans marched on Washington, and in 1997, Tiger Woods was the first racial minority member to win a universe title of golf. There will likely neer be a wholly equal universe out at that place, but it has made immense stairss towards that end in the yesteryear, and will go on to make so, at least I hope it will.

Acer 6886 Position Though Advertisement

Acer 6886 Position Though Advertisement Positioning Acer 6886 will be easy to position though advertisement to existing customers. Most people while purchasing devices online will be required to register with their email address. Through this, the company has an opportunity to send articles as the customers have subscribed.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Acer 6886: Position Though Advertisement specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Weekly newsletters, manuals and software’s that are compatible to Acer are sent to the customers’ mailbox, describing how they should use their laptops. By purchasing the laptops, they have proved to trust the models and automatically become Acer’s loyal customers. This medium is suitable to position Acer 6886 to the existing customer. A guide can be sent to them containing the new features available in the new version. The guide book can have picture of the model and its performance rate. University st udents and young adults’ reason for purchasing Acer 6886 is mainly for education purposes. They can also be interested in it for entertainment. The best area to position this new model to young people is through social networks. Majority of this age group get involved in social media and there is a lot that can be exposed through them. Facebook is an example of social network that allows organizations and companies to do advertisements. This is the best place to position the awareness of Acer 6886 considering it will appear on their â€Å"wall†. The advertisement can be linked back to the website where they will have a clear views and details of the model (Gurevitch, 2010). Acer 6886 can be positioned for people who would prefer to do their work at home through magazines and newspapers. Adults aged between 25 and 29 can subscribe for magazines to be sent to their home addresses. Newspapers offer sections for advertisement and Acer can utilize this opportunities. Every adult in Canada is able to purchase newspapers since it contains a lot of information. An individual is able to be connected to Acer while seated in their living room. The details they need would be included in the page. With all the features of the Acer6886, it would be easy for the wealthy customers to do away with desktops. Desktops are bulky while laptops are portable. The new version connects everything that is within your influence into one spot. The best way to position a high-tech laptop like Acer 6886 is through billboards advertisement. The billboards are usually placed along major highways. This is strategic since it gives the customers a chance to see the adverts along the roads as they drive to various places of destination. There is a single means of positioning in all categories of people targeted in the segments in this type of advertisement. It serves as a means of communication through persuasion towards a product. In the modern world there are different means of c ommunication but advertisement is suitable.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It might be costly but one is guaranteed that the message has passed across. The existing customers would better-placed in terms of subscription for Acer’s products because they already have their contacts in their database. As for young adults and university students, social network will work to catch their attention. 80 percent of these groups are in social networks. Face book and other site like Google have columns for advertisement. Through one advert you are able to target a big number. Newspapers are very cheap and contain a lot of information. Many adults depend on newspapers as a source of needed information regarding what is happening around the nation and the world. Busy adults avoid spending a lot of time watching televisions, and it is because of this that newspa pers come in handy. Newspapers and magazines are easily accessible from stores and bookshops. Getting into social networks, reading magazines and checking subscriptions from the mail are not popular acts for rich people (Clow Baack, 2007). References Clow, K.E., Baack, D. (2007). Integrated Advertising, Promotion, and Marketing Communications (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Pearson Education. Gurevitch, L. (2010). The Cinemas of Transactions: The exchangeable currency of GC attractions across audiovisual economies. Journal of Television and New Media, 5, 367-385.

Professional Certification and Your Career

Professional Certification and Your Career Professional certification is a process by which a person develops the knowledge, experience, and skills to perform a specific job. Once the individual completes a course of study, he or she receives a certificate earned by passing an exam that is accredited by an organization or association that monitors and upholds prescribed standards for the particular industry involved. The National Organization for Competency Assurance (NOCA) is a leader in setting quality standards for credentialing organizations. A wide variety of industries and careers offer professional certification, from highly technical jobs and human services of all kinds to jobs in the arts, including ballroom dancing. In each case, the certificate assures employers, customers, students, and the public that the certificate holder is competent and professional. In some professions, certification is a requirement for employment or practice. Doctors, teachers, Certified Public Accountants (CPAs), and pilots are examples. What’s in It for You? Professional certification shows employers and clients that you are committed to your profession and are well-trained. It gives them confidence in your abilities  because it proves that your skills have been evaluated and approved by a well-regarded professional organization. Certification makes you more valuable to employers and so you can expect to: Enjoy better employment and advancement opportunitiesHave a competitive advantage over candidates without certificatesEarn higher wagesReceive tuition reimbursement for continuing education A Sampling of Careers Requiring Certification Many of the careers that require certification are represented here at About.com. Below is a list of articles on various types of certifications. In the end, there is also a link to the list of NOCA member organizations that require certificates. It offers an interesting glance at the various types of industries from which to choose if you’re uncertain about which certificate you want. Certified Meeting ProfessionalCoast Guard Captain’s LicenseCulinary Arts CertificatesDatabase CertificationsDesktop Publishing CertificationESL CertificationGraphic DesignInterior DecoratingLandscaping Certificate ProgramsLogistics and Supply Chain ManagementParalegal certificatesProfessional CounselingProfessional Massage TherapyProfessional Studies Certificate in OperaReal estateRetail CertificationSpecialist Certificate for Sign Language InterpretersTechnology Certification GlossaryHighest paying jobs in the technology industry NOCA’s list of member organizations State Certification Requirements Many of the professions that require or offer certification are governed by the state in which the certificate holder practices. Your school or association will help you understand these requirements, but you can also find them at each state’s government website. Search for: state.your two-letter state code here.us/. Example: state.ny.us/. On the home page for your state, search for certifications. Choosing the Best School There are almost as many requirements for earning a certificate as there are fields requiring them, so how you go about becoming certified has everything to do with what kind of certificate you want and what you want to do with it. First, know the differences between all the different types of schools so you can choose the right school for you. Begin your search by visiting the websites of the associations and organizations that govern or accredit the schools in the field you have chosen. On the Internet, search for the name of your field and associations, organizations, and schools: Search: nursing associations results in the American Nurses AssociationSearch: pilot associations results in the Aircraft Owners and Pilots AssociationSearch: CPA organizations results in the American Institute of Certified Public AccountantsSearch: project management schools results in both directories like the Trade Schools Directory and specific schools such as the Project Management Institute at Capella University Online Schools If you think an online school would work best for you because of the flexibility it provides, read up on online certificates before you choose a school. Financial Aid Paying for school is a concern for many students. Loans, grants, and scholarships are available. Do your homework before going to school: Paying for Business SchoolFAFSASallie Maes Scholarship Search Continuing Education Most professional certifications require that certificate holders complete a certain number of hours of continuing education annually or bi-annually in order to remain current. The number of hours varies by state and field. Notices are generally sent out by the governing state and/or association, as is literature advertising continuing education opportunities, conferences, and conventions. Make the Most of Continuing Education Conferences Many professional associations gather their members yearly in the form of conferences, conventions, and/or trade shows to provide continuing education seminars, to discuss the state of the profession and new best practices, and to showcase the latest products and services. Networking at these gatherings can be extremely valuable to professionals.

Leadership style and theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Leadership style and theories - Essay Example When what needs to be accomplished is clear, it is more likely that it will be communicated to the other employees. I also determine which tasks would be best to particular employees as I understand my juniors very well. There is always a need to match responsibilities to the strengths of every person. Giving person roles that are new to him/her will be a recipe for chaos. As a leader, I must ensure that I give individuals projects that they will be more enthusiastic to do. Many modern-day organizations use participatory leadership as their management style. Delegating leadership style relates to participatory leadership because decisions are made with the participation of people affected by the decisions. Just like delegating leadership style, participatory leadership style adds a democratic dimension in leadership. Participative leadership ensures that it consults other people, especially the employees in the process of making decisions. Although participative leaders may eventuall y make decisions on their own, consulting other people demonstrates consideration and respect for other people. This approach of leadership is appreciated by followers who reciprocate by showing their loyalty and commitment. Just like delegating leadership style, participative leadership leads to the development of employees and builds support for the vision of the organization. Participative leaders empower other people to make decisions and take actions that are within defined boundaries. I believe that all leaders are made, not born.

Group Decision-making Techniques Recommended to Lieutenant Coleman J Case Study - 1

Group Decision-making Techniques Recommended to Lieutenant Coleman J. Karras - Case Study Example Brainstorming would be the perfect way to get things started for Mr. Karras with his group as he doesn’t have much idea about his new graphic arts department. It would be better if he complies strictly with Osborn’s method of brainstorming in an orthodox fashion.   Withholding criticism, combining and improving ideas, welcoming unusual ideas and focusing on quantity will be the most effective four principles that can be incorporated into this task. The situation demands to work in a group where Mr. Karras doesn’t have much idea about the bureau and what works and what doesn’t, therefore the only way for him to have a say is without anyone criticizing to his ideas on the spot because when that happens, it stops the flow of new ideas, bad ideas can be sifted out later on. And it is always a good plan to merge raw ideas and make them converge to form one big idea. As far as welcoming unusual ideas are concerned, that is much needed as much is expected of Mr. Karras if he wants to live up to his reputation. This bureau is a laughing stock for the police department and a lot of work needs to be done towards improvement, therefore without some unusual ideas that are both efficient and feasible, setting things right will take a lot of time and that can damage the name of Mr. Karras. Focusing on quantity will deliver quick measurable results. Mr. Karras just need to make sure that reviewing of group ideas should discard t he bad suggestions. The results will be achieved better by brainstorming than using any other group decision-making technique like the Nominal Group Technique and Delphi Technique as both require some form of expert reasoning in the initial stages and Mr. Karras is quite new to this department. Brainstorming will help get the graphics art bureau back on track. It is the fastest method to innovate something in an old department that had been abandoned due to lack of appropriate management techniques.  Ã‚  

Potential Environmental Impacts of Utilization of ConocoPhillips Fuel E

Potential Environmental Impacts of Utilization of ConocoPhillips Fuel Efficient High Performance (FEHP) Lubricant Applications in the Automotive Industry In some shape or form, nearly all aspects of American life contribute to unnecessary exploitation of natural resources. The automobile is a staple of American life and culture, and perhaps best exemplifies Americans’ dependence on gross quantities of raw materials. On any given day, over 235 million vehicles travel 11 billion miles on U.S. highways, consuming nearly 20 million barrels of oil daily 1,2,3. Worldwide, oil consumption has reached a 16-year high of 80.6 million barrels per day 17. Most important of all, proven oil reserves around the world only provide roughly 40 years of production at these current rates 18. Oil consumers ignore this reality either through lack of education or simple apathy, because right now there are no immediate consequences to consuming such vast volumes of a polluting, non-renewable resource. Numbers like those mentioned above are so large it is difficult for one to fathom their true magnitude, however they still convey the reliance aver age Americans have on their automobiles and oil. By and large, the automobile is the only way most Americans travel. Without getting into the details of problems with public transportation, people simply do not consider other options to personal transportation. This becomes especially significant when one considers that cars are the single largest emitter of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. The U.S. produces nearly 24% of the world’s CO2 emissions, a third of which comes from gasoline combustion in cars 4,5. Many scientists cite rising oil consumption as the leading cause... ...F-150 at a glance, 2004, Ford Motor Company, 11 May 2004, 15. New Report: Reducing Vehicular Global Warming Pollution Saves California Drivers Money, 2004, Union of Concerned Scientists, 11 May 2004, 16. Innovations: High-efficiency axle system, 2003, Visteon Corp., 1 May 2004, 17. Reuters, World oil consumption seen at 16-year high, 2004, MSNBC News, 12 May 2004, 18. Worldwide Oil and Gas Production and Reserves, Phillips, 2000, U.S. Energy Information Administration, 3 May 2004,

Walt and Emily Go A-Courtin’

The magnificent spring of 1850 seemed to inspire love for everyone, except Walt.   When I found him pulling leaves of grass from the lawn and talking to them, I knew he needed a lady.  Ã‚   My sister’s friend’s cousin Emily was visiting from Boston, and though he was ten years older than her, we decided it would be perfect. Walt took a bath and trimmed his beard before setting off to visit Emily in Connecticut. Having left just before dawn, Walt was tired from the hours-long ride from Brooklyn when he arrived, but the site of a dainty waif emerging through the door renewed his vigor.   He doffed his hat and said with a smile, â€Å"Greetings!   Miss Dickinson, I presume?† â€Å"I'm Nobody!   Who are you?† she asked in a nervous, diminutive voice.   â€Å"Are you nobody  too?† (â€Å"I’m nobody! Who are you?† 1-2). â€Å"Walt Whitman am I, a Kosmos, of mighty Manhattan the son† (â€Å"Walt Whitman,† 492), he said confidently.   â€Å"I am definitely not nobody, and you, miss, appear to be somebody, too.† â€Å"How dreary  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  to be  somebody!† Emily exclaimed.   â€Å"How public  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  like a Frog  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  to tell one’s name  the livelong June (â€Å"I’m nobody!† 5-7).   I am here and so are you, with our names or without.   Names cannot change that.† â€Å"Your every word is poetry,† Walt said.   He then stepped closer to Emily, took her hand and said, â€Å"Whoever you are, now I place my hand upon you, that you be my poem† (â€Å"To You,† 7).   Emily melted at his words; Walt asked, â€Å"Would you care to walk with me, Miss Dickinson?† Emily was nervous, but she had faith that her cousin would not allow a questionable suitor, though his appearance was scruffier than she hoped.   â€Å"Let me get my shawl,† she said running back into the house, returning moments later.   â€Å"It's all I have to bring today,† she said of the cottony shawl.   â€Å"This, and my heart beside.   This, and my heart, and all the fields, and all the meadows wide† (â€Å"It's all I have to bring to-day,† 1-4). The pair walked down to Jefferson Park, talking about life, nature, and their love of writing.   This was only the second time Emily had left her parent’s house in Amherst and she spoke of her family a great deal (â€Å"Emily Dickinson†).   Emily was fascinated by Walt’s stories of traveling from New York to New Orleans.   He explained how seeing slavery encouraged him to move back to New York to start the Brooklyn Freeman (â€Å"Walt Whitman†).   They reached a patch of wildflowers near a vast lawn.   Walt reached down and picked a daisy. â€Å"The runaway slave came to my house and stopt outside† (â€Å"Walt Whitman,† 182), he said.   â€Å"I took him in, cleaned his wounds, ate dinner with him.   He staid with me a week before he was recuperated and pass’d north (189).   I aspire to help all those wishing escape from the cruel bondage inflicted by others.   Or, afflicted upon themselves.†Ã‚   He gave the daisy to Emily. â€Å"I never hear the word ‘escape’ without a quicker blood, a sudden expectation, a flying attitude† (â€Å"I never hear the word ‘escape’,† 1-4), confessed Emily.   â€Å"I reason, earth is short, and anguish absolute.   And many hurt; but what of that?† (â€Å"I reason earth is short,† 1-4). â€Å"In this broad Earth of ours,  amid the measureless grossness and the slag, enclosed and safe within its central heart,  nestles the seed Perfection (â€Å"Song of the Universal,† 4-7),† said Walt.   â€Å"Freedom, democracy, the brotherhood of man—these we will achieve together, or die in absolute misery, pain, and despair.† â€Å"Let me not mar that perfect dream† (â€Å"Let me not mar that perfect dream,† 1), she said, as she placed the daisy in Walt’s lapel.   She picked another one and put it behind her ear.   â€Å"Dreams fuel love, and love, intellect.† The pair walked for hours through the vast lawns of the park, along the foot trails that weaved through the woods.   They realized that any potential love shared for each other would be lyrical not physical, and their spiritual differences ran deep.   They finally made their way back to the house of Emily’s cousin, promised to correspond, and decided to part as friends. â€Å"I hide myself within my flower, that wearing on your breast, you, unsuspecting, wear me too† (â€Å"I hide myself within my flower,† 1-3), said Emily from the front stoop. â€Å"You inspire me, miss, and for this I thank you.   Each meaningful word I write, I will take comfort knowing you will be somewhere doing likewise,† Walt bowed.   â€Å"And now, I shall go forth,  I shall traverse The States awhile—but I cannot tell whither or how long (â€Å"As the Time Draws Nigh,† 3-4).   My words are yours, Miss Emily Dickson.† Walt departed restored, ready to sing the splendors of life, love, and individual freedom.   He needed not a girl, but inspiration, which he found in the young poetess.   Emily went upstairs equally inspired and began to write about the day.   They exchanged letters long after their lone meeting, but Walt and Emily never met again. Works Cited: Dickinson, Emily. â€Å"I hide myself within my flower,†Ã‚   â€Å"I never hear the word ‘escape’,† â€Å"I reason earth is short,† â€Å"I’m nobody! Who are you?†,   â€Å"It's all I have to bring to-day,† â€Å"Let me not mar that perfect dream.† The Complete Poems of Emily Dickinson. Boston: Little, Brown, 1924; Bartleby.com, 2000. 7 January 2007   . â€Å"Emily Dickinson.† Poets.org from the Academy of American Poets.   2007.   7 January 2007 . â€Å"Walt Whiman.† Poets.org from the Academy of American Poets.   2007.   7 January 2007 . Whitman, Walt. â€Å"As the Time Draws Nigh,† â€Å"Song of the Universal,† â€Å"To You,† â€Å"Walt Whitman,† Leaves of Grass. Philadelphia: David McKay, [c1900]; Bartleby.com, 1999. 7 January 2007 .   

Political Governance in Rwanda - 904 Words

Political Governance in Rwanda I. Summary: Rawanda a country titled Genocide, massacre, poverty, discrimination, corruption, and violence. However, Rawanda have been receiving considerable amount of funds from international community despite being a dictatorship along with miserable human rights record and instability in region. Rwanda is facing one of the most serious problems with its political governance. Due to dictatorship there is little attention on vast majority and day by day people are getting poorer and less aware of their rights. People are being control by regime strictly and they do not have control of their acts and space. According to a research by commonwealth human Rights initiative ‘’Rwanda is an army with a state, rather than a state with an army’’ (Reyntjens 2007). A dictator regime has led this country to become a source of instability in region and face war crimes and crimes against humanity. Despite being corrupt and brutal the international community is tolerating it and giv ing them fund to bring stability in the country however it is not working and fueling up the fire. Therefore, in order to understand the core problems existing in Rawanda and how international community is tolerating it by giving them funds without bringing any changes on its governance system this paper will analyze ways in which it dealt strategies used to silence people, information management as well as some recommendations on the regime change and political governanceShow MoreRelatedPolitical Governance in Post-genocide Rwanda2880 Words   |  12 PagesPolitical Governance in Post-genocide Rwanda Critical analysis The Spring Semester of 2014 Political Governance in Post-genocide Rwanda I. Summary: Rawanda is a country full of paradoxes, difficult for outsiders to understand what is really happening there. While hearing ‘’Rwanda’’ the first thing came into our mind is Genocide, massacre, poverty, discrimination, corruption, and violence. Post-genocide Rawanda have been receiving considerable amount of funds from international communityRead MoreA Critique on the 1994 Rwanda Genocide822 Words   |  3 PagesCritique/ Discussion Despite receiving considerable among of funds and international attention since the genocide in 1994 Rwanda is having a bad experience of political governance. According to a report by the World Bank, around 10 percent of the population which is more than 850,000 people was killed during the deadly conflicts and about 3 million escaped to neighboring countries. Thousands of children were left with the responsibility of caring for more than 90,000 households, which left a largeRead MoreHistory Of Rwanda And The Genocide1579 Words   |  7 PagesHISTORY OF RWANDA AND THE GENOCIDE It is believed that the Hutu and the Tutsi were originally one community who shared some value culture and even religion until the colonialist announced their arrival. Rwanda has experienced a disturbing and prolonged cycle of violent conflict since 1959. The conflict which has been characteristically political and socio-economic in nature has played out mainly on the basis of ethnicity and regionalism. It was first German and Belgium colonialism that createdRead MoreThe Rwanda Of The Rwandan Defence Force904 Words   |  4 Pagesinstability with civil wars; terrorism; ethnic violence and a lack of proper governance. Each conflict has its own individual history, perpetrators, victims and bystanders with difficult answers on how to solve them. The post-genocide nation of Rwanda witnessed one of the most horrific events a nation could experience, genocide. However, it has rebuilt itself to become an example nation for transitional justice, political stability and economic development. Rwanda’s military capabilities within theRead MorePolitical Gvernance in Post-genocid Rwanda1930 Words   |  8 PagesPolitical Governance in Post-genocide Rwanda Summary: Rawanda is a country full of paradoxes, difficult for outsiders to understand what is really going on there. While hearing ‘’Rwanda’’ the first thing came into many people’s mind is Genocide, massacre, poverty, corruption, and violence. Post-genocide Rawanda have been receiving considerable amount of funds from international community despite being a dictatorship along with miserable human rights record and instability in region. In today’s worldRead MoreThe Election In The Election Of Liberias Election858 Words   |  4 Pages(Congress for Democratic Change 2017). These are important for the people of Liberia, as over half the country lives in abject poverty (Pailey 2017). Poverty like this is common in contemporary Africa, as many countries are subject to greed and poor governance throughout, making resources and income hard to come by for the common population. Boakai is a unique candidate because of his experience under Sirleaf since 2005 . He has distanced himself from her record, coming into his own politically (BBC 2017)Read MoreThe Rwandan Genocide1335 Words   |  5 PagesRwanda is a country made up of a population with three ethnic communities, the two main communities, the Hutu and Tutsi and an additional community of Twa (or pygmies) who all spoke the same language, Kinyarwanda or Rwandan (Clapham, 1998). There is a stereotype of appearance attributed to these two main communities, with Tutsi being seen as tall and having an aquiline shaped nose, and the Hutu as being short and flat-nosed (Clapham, 1998). In the pre-colonial state of Rwanda, it was the TutsisRead MoreGender Inequality And Its Effect On The Stimulation Of Genocide Essay1297 Words   |  6 Pagescapacity for aggression, his ability with words, and his physical prowess (Coquery-Vidrovitch, 1997, p.106). This has been the status quo for most societies, limited not just to Rwanda but to the world. Consequently, in the pre-genocide Rwanda, soci ety was primarily paternalistic. Women were absent from the political scene in Rwanda, though several women like Agathe Kanziga and Pauline Nyiramasuhuko played key roles in Rwandan politics to give optimism for other Rwandan women (Hogg, 2010,p.72). AccordinglyRead MoreThe Rationale Behind Rwandan Foreign Policy1102 Words   |  5 Pagesinternational community responded to the massive human rights violations. For Rwanda, the reaction was minimal during the massacres, but grew exponentially afterwards. The desired goal of the research was not necessarily condemn the genocide guilt card theory. Instead, I desired the research to expand the overall literature on Rwanda to encompass the complexities of how different Rwandan public policy makers use their understandings of Rwanda in the state’s foreign affairs. Using from the writings of Van EveraRead MoreRegional State Failure With Weak Institutions1362 Words   |  6 Pagesbefore the cold war many fragile states were prevent ed from failing due to the support they received from either the former USSR or USA as strategic allies for their proxy war (Gros, 1996). During this time issues like poor governance, poor human rights records and political corruption were ignored by the major powers (Gros, 1996). However, after the 9/11 attacks state failure has increasingly been a worry to the international community (The Economist, 2009). Up until recent decades, state failure

What Caused the Collapse of the Angkor Civilization

The fall of the Khmer Empire is a puzzle that archaeologists and historians have wrestled with for decades. The Khmer Empire, also known as the Angkor Civilization after its capital city, was a state-level society in mainland Southeast Asia between the 9th and 15th centuries AD. The empire was marked by enormous monumental architecture, extensive trade partnerships between India and China and the rest of the world, and an extensive road system. Most of all, the Khmer Empire is justifiably famous for its complex, vast, and innovative hydrologic system, water control built to take advantage of the monsoonal climate, and cope with the difficulties of living in a tropical rainforest. Tracing Angkors Fall The date for the empires traditional collapse is 1431 when the capital city was sacked by the competing Siamese kingdom at ​Ayutthaya. But the fall of the empire can be traced across a much longer period of time. Recent research suggests that a variety of factors contributed to the weakened state of the Empire before the successful sacking. Early Kingdoms: AD 100-802 (Funan)Classic or Angkorian Period: 802-1327Post-Classic: 1327-1863Fall of Angkor: 1431 The Angkor civilizations heyday began in AD 802 when King Jayavarman II united the warring polities collectively known as the early kingdoms. That classic period lasted more than 500 years, documented by internal Khmer and external Chinese and Indian historians. The period witnessed massive building projects and expansion of the water control system. After the rule of Jayavarman Paramesvara beginning in 1327, internal Sanskrit records stopped being kept and monumental building slowed and then ceased. A significant sustained drought occurred in the mid-1300s. Angkors neighbors also experienced troubled times, and significant battles took place between Angkor and neighboring kingdoms before 1431. Angkor experienced a slow but constant decline in population between 1350 and 1450 AD. Factors Contributing to the Collapse Several major factors have been cited as contributors to the demise of Angkor: war with the neighboring polity of Ayutthaya; conversion of the society to Theravada Buddhism; increasing maritime trade which removed Angkors strategic lock on the region; over-population of its cities; climate change bringing an extended drought to the region. The difficulty in determining the precise reasons for Angkors collapse lies in the lack of historical documentation. Much of Angkors history is detailed in Sanskrit carvings from the politys temples as well as reports from its trade partners in China. But documentation during the late 14th and early 15th centuries within Angkor itself fell silent. The Khmer Empires principal cities--Angkor, Koh Ker, Phimai, Sambor Prei Kuk--were engineered to take advantage of the rainy season, when the water table is right at ground surface and rain falls between 115-190 centimeters (45-75 inches) each year; and the dry season, when the water table drops up to five meters (16 feet) below the surface. To counteract the ill effects of this drastic contrast in conditions, the Angkorians constructed a vast network of canals and reservoirs, with at least one of these projects permanently changing the hydrology in Angkor itself. It was an immensely sophisticated and balanced system apparently brought down by a long-term drought. Evidence for a Long-Term Drought Archaeologists and paleo-environmentalists used sediment core analysis of soils (Day et al.) and dendrochronological study of trees (Buckley et al.) to document three droughts, one in the early 13th century, an extended drought between the 14th and 15th centuries, and one in the mid to late 18th century. The most devastating of those droughts was that during 14th and 15th centuries, when decreased sediment, increased turbidity, and lower water levels were present in Angkors reservoirs, compared to the periods before and after. The rulers of Angkor clearly attempted to remedy the drought using technology, such as at the East Baray reservoir, where a massive exit canal was first reduced, then closed off entirely during the late 1300s. Eventually, the ruling class Angkorians moved their capital to Phnom Penh and switched their main activities from inland crop growing to maritime trade. But in the end, the failure of the water system, as well as interrelated geopolitical and economic factors were too much to allow a return to stability. Re-Mapping Angkor: Size as a Factor Since Angkors rediscovery in the early 20th century by pilots flying over the densely overgrown tropical forest region, archaeologists have known that the urban complex of Angkor was large. The main lesson learned from a century of research has been that the Angkor civilization was much larger than anyone would have guessed, with an astounding five-fold increase in the number of identified temples in just the last decade. Remote sensing-enabled mapping along with archaeological investigations have provided detailed and informative maps which show that even in the 12th-13th centuries, the Khmer Empire was stretched across most of mainland Southeast Asia. In addition, a network of transportation corridors connected far-flung settlements to the Angkorian heartland. Those early Angkor societies profoundly and repeatedly transformed the landscapes. Remote-sensing evidence also shows that Angkors expansive size created serious ecological problems including over-population, erosion, loss of topsoil, and forest clearing. In particular, a large-scale agricultural expansion to the north and a growing emphasis on swidden agriculture increased erosion which caused sediments to build up in the extensive canal and reservoir system. This confluence led to declining productivity and increasing economic stress at all levels of society. All that was made worse by droughts. A Weakening However, a number of factors weakened the state besides climate change and declining regional instability. Although the state was adjusting their technology throughout the period, the people and societies in and outside of Angkor were in increasing ecological stress, particularly after the mid-14th-century drought. Scholar Damian Evans (2016) argues that one problem was that stone masonry was used only for religious monuments and water management features such as bridges, culverts, and spillways. The urban and agricultural networks, including the royal palaces, were made of earth and non-durable materials such as wood and thatch. So What Caused Khmers Fall? A century of research later, according to Evans and others, there still simply isnt enough evidence to pinpoint all factors which led to Khmers downfall. This is especially true today, in taking into account that the complexity of the region is only beginning to become clear. The potential is there, however, to identify the precise complexity of the human-environment system in monsoonal, tropical forested regions. The importance of identifying the social, ecological, geopolitical, and economic forces leading to the downfall of such an enormous, long-lived civilization is its application to today, where elite control of the circumstances surrounding climate change is not what it could be. Sources Buckley BM, Anchukaitis KJ, Penny D, Fletcher R, Cook ER, Sano M, Nam LC, Wichienkeeo A, Minh TT, and Hong TM. 2010. Climate as a contributing factor in the demise of Angkor, Cambodia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107(15):6748-6752.Caldararo N. 2015. Beyond Zero Population: Ethnohistory, Archaeology and the Khmer, Climate Change and the Collapse of Civilizations. Anthropology 3(154).Day MB, Hodell DA, Brenner M, Chapman HJ, Curtis JH, Kenney WF, Kolata AL, and Peterson LC. 2012. Paleoenvironmental history of the West Baray, Angkor (Cambodia). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109(4):1046-1051.Evans D. 2016. Airborne laser scanning as a method for exploring long-term socio-ecological dynamics in Cambodia. Journal of Archaeological Science 74:164-175.Iannone G. 2015. Release and reorganization in the tropics: a comparative perspective from southeast Asia. In: Faulseit RK, editor. Beyond Collapse: Archaeological Perspectives on Resilience, Revitalization , and Transformation in Complex Societies. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press. p 179-212.Lucero LJ, Fletcher R, and Coningham R. 2015. From ‘collapse’ to urban diaspora: the transformation of low-density, dispersed agrarian urbanism. Antiquity 89(347):1139-1154.Motesharrei S, Rivas J, and Kalnay E. 2014. Human and nature dynamics (HANDY): Modeling inequality and use of resources in the collapse or sustainability of societies. Ecological Economics 101:90-102.Stone R. 2006. The end of Angkor. Science 311:1364-1368.

The Representation Of Gender Masculinity - 1729 Words

The representation of gender in a masculine context in New Zealand is constructed through hegemonic constructions formed through colonisation. Due to being constructed by this dominant ideology, which in terms of a New Zealand context is Pakeha and male (Hegemony), the construction of masculinity appears natural. This hegemonic masculinity is so naturalised it becomes invisible and we don’t see or think about it. Law, R (1997) states that â€Å"The concept of hegemonic masculinity allows for us to theorise the simultaneous existence of different constructions of masculinity, the social dominance of some constructions and their legitimation as ‘natural’ and the fluid and contested character of all constructions of gender† Pakeha men are the hegemonic masculinity in a New Zealand context, they have social dominance over women and the Maori, even though they are same gender as Maori men due to colonization they are repressed in terms of dominance. Masculinity is ideological; it is embedded in culture and constructs gender. One is born as a sex, either female or male, which then leads to a representation of there gender, as in if you’re a man it is being masculine and a female being feminine, these expectations of gender have been embedded in society and determine traits and qualities that represent the two genders. This means we have to act in a certain way to show our gender or to be considered masculine or feminine and if you don’t fit into to these stereotypes, it can effectShow MoreRelatedRepresentations Of Gender And Masculinity1503 Words   |  7 PagesRepresentations of gender and masculinity in Pat Barker s Regeneration. One of the major themes in Pat barker’s ‘Regeneration’ is gender and masculinity, this is my chosen theme. The novel overall reflects the struggles of World War one soldiers and their attempts to overcome the trauma of war experience. In this essay, I will be exploring ways which Barker represents my chosen themes. By discussing in depth and focusing on homosexuality, parenthood, emasculation, and mutism as a symbol. A keyRead MoreGender representation in advert897 Words   |  4 Pageshow gender is represented in Joop! Homme. The slogan ‘Real Men Wear Pink’ denotes a naked man being embraced by a woman who is holding a bottle of Joop Homme. The representation of the man connotes a masculine confidence in wearing pink, a colour traditionally used to represent femininity. This suggests that the man is confident in his masculinity and that he doesn’t need colours like blue or black to show his masculinity and also that he is subverting the stereotype of male representation. TraditionallyRead MoreMasculinity and Gender Roles1232 Words   |  5 PagesHow is gender and gender roles socially constructed? Soulliere states that gender is a cultural creation that is frequently developed by and represented through popular cultural media such as advertisements, music, sports, and entertainment television (Soulliere 2006). The article â€Å"Wrestling with Masculinity: Messages about Manhood in the WWE† by Danielle M. Soulliere (2006), examines messages about manhood revealed by televised professional wrestling (Soulliere 1). Messages concerning masculinityRead MoreThe Theory Of The Glass Ceiling Metaphor Essay1628 Words   |  7 Pagesresearch was hegemonic masculinity theory. Hegemonic masculinity began as a field study that sought to discuss masculinity and the experience of men’s bodies (Connell Messerschmidt, 2005). The theory developed from the premise of cultural hegemony that analyzes power relations among the social classes in a society (Connell Messerschmidt, 2005). The term hegemonic defines cultural dynamics of a social group that dominant position in a social hierarchy. Hegemonic masculinity theory is used acrossRead MoreVisual images Reinforce Traditional Gender and Sexuality Stereotypes948 Words   |  4 PagesVisual images reinforce traditional gender and sexuality stereotypes through the manifestation of the masculine and feminine miens. An examination of print media advertisements highlights the social and cultural ideologies associated with traditional gender roles that are expected and imposed on by society. â€Å"Advertisements are deeply woven into the fabric of Western Culture, drawing on and reinforcing commonly held perceptions and beliefs† of gender and sexuality stereotypes. They have a strongRead MoreGender Is The Definition Of Gender1345 Words   |  6 PagesOctober 29, 2015 What is Gender? The definition of gender depends on the time period. The basic and historically accepted version of the definition of gender is the state of being either male or female, masculine or feminine, or simply a man or woman. Historically we have lived in a world that only had binary gender, meaning that a person was solely either a man or a woman. While that is the general definition that has been accepted as a baseline representation of what gender is, in today’s societyRead MoreGender Stereotyping : A Televised Media Sports Coverage1332 Words   |  6 Pages Gender Stereotyping in Internationally Televised Media Sports Coverage Anonymous University of Arizonaâ€Æ' Abstract Sports fans usually acknowledge various sports through different mass media outlets. To develop our comprehension of social qualities inserted in sports and to investigate current values and power structures in regards to men and women, it is important to explore the potential impact that media may have in manipulating conventions about gender-appropriate sport conduct. One questionRead MoreGender Roles And Attitudes Of A Teacher s Practice1189 Words   |  5 PagesThe present essay attempts to demonstrate the stereotypes around gender and and it’s relation to a teacher’s practice. In order for this objective to be met, the theory of gender will be introduced, followed by the stereotypes regarding the gender ‘’roles’’. Moreover the role of culture in the creation of gender roles and how popular culture-media carry stereotypes on children will be presented. This aims to show how a teacher can combat or prevent those stereotypes through her tho ughtful, carefulRead MoreMovie Analysis : Toy Essay1607 Words   |  7 Pagesmost popular, if not most popular, animated movies of all-time, Toy Story offers a limited perspective when it comes to gender because of manhood acts, homosociality, and stereotypes. The manhood acts in the film suppress women at the same time as they support the hegemonic masculinity, which is the masculinity that actively attempts to suppress women and inferior masculinities (Bird pg. 129). When the male characters in the movie do this, it approves of this negative behavior that limits the voiceRead MoreYet, A Reading Of Deleuze’S Concept Of ‘Becomings’ Enable1292 Words   |  6 Pagesleans between two polarized state: maturity and innocence. She experiences biological changes, inducing the maturation of her body with notably the swelling of hips and breast. This inevitable natural episode induces girls to prevailing female representation as she enters the stage of ‘to-be-lo oked-at-ness’. On the other hand, despite their womanly body, for their young age, the girls remain childlike minded which promises the men dominancy to remain unchallenged (American Girl 1999, Lolita). However

Lebanese Americans Free Essays

The present paper is designed to show the adaptation of immigrants in the United States. We will include Alison Lambert, who is the representative of the Lebanese nation, was born in Lebanon and moved to the United States country for permanent residence two years ago. The principal issue to clarify in this essay will be whether it was difficult for Mrs. We will write a custom essay sample on Lebanese Americans or any similar topic only for you Order Now Lambert to assimilate with US culture and people, what differences she has found between two cultures and how different cultural norms influence her living in the new for her country on the daily basis. Immigrants in America A lot of people from different countries come to the United States in search for their good future. There exists a myth that living in the United States is like a paradise, but it is not always so. The presidents of the United States together with other senators promote legislation to confer some kind of guest worker. Many people think that all those bills should not be accepted, because they are immoral. When they invite people from other countries to the United States they show them that they fit only for obsequious jobs that the Americans do not want to do. They think that they are too good for it. When foreigners start working in the United States at first they get miserable payment for the work they do. There is no expectation that you will rise up the economic and social ladder. There are a lot of bills all over the country which regulate rights of the guest worker. There are points when the foreigner can be expelled from the work and deported back to his country where he will continue his life in poverty. The bottom line in all of them is almost the same. It says that the Americans are not equal in their rights with other people who came from other countries to earn money. The plot is hidden but still it exists. America is a country that invites immigrants who arrived there legally and who comply with their laws and Constitution, who understand and can freely speak their language. Such people begin their career with low-paid jobs. But such people have a chance to rise into a middle class and realize their dream. Such countries as Germany and France showed their folly of a guest worker economy. Immigrants do low-paid jobs. But now there are a lot of people in these countries who don’t absorb. People do not agree with the social welfare system. Let’s find out more about the adaptation of the people from Arabic countries in the United States by telling a story about one of the immigrants from Lebanon, Mrs. Lambert. Mrs. Lambert considers family and close people to be the most important in her life. The principal difference in the family values between Lebanese and American culture is that when one is young, one never looks into the future considering oneself outside family. Family appears to be the core of everything they plan to accomplish in life. American society is more independent in relation to family as a notion. Lebanese people share everything they have with their families, and they grow surrounded by their family members. Their cousins, sisters, brothers, with whom they grow, often appear to be their best friends. Each of them knows that he or she is the most important person in his or her life, and she was used to grow in such surrounding. What she has noticed in the United States of America and what is absolutely absent in the Lebanese families, and in Lebanon in particular, is the disease which she would call ‘family’ disease. This is the disease which is very popular among American children. In her society family is something which will never let her and her countrymen down. She was very much assisted by her family members when she has first entered the United States. Now she is not only in constant touch with all her relatives, but all members of her family help each other on the daily basis to the maximal extent. Mrs. Lambert is a teacher; she feels at present that her cultural difference does not prevent her from effective working with the students and effectively performing in her daily life. Her first and probably, the biggest difficulty was the language. She had basic knowledge of the language, but it was not enough to teach students; and in order to acquire good position she had to learn it very fast. On the other hand, the accent is still very visible when she speaks and some students ask her about her origin. She was lucky not to see any discrimination in relation to her Lebanese identity on the side of her students. However, there are many Lebanese immigrants who also came to the United States to work and suffered from discrimination there. Most of native citizens are surprised on the fact of Lebanese very close family ties. When Mrs. Lambert tells the stories of her life, some of them cannot clearly understand the idea of family being the core of their lives, as well as that one can be so much connected with the family through all his or her life. Her assumption of the family norms influences her behavior on the daily basis, and it is doubtless; it becomes even more vivid in the light of the norms according to which one lives. When people immigrate they face different difficulties and challenges. The principal challenge for Mrs. Lambert is the difference itself, the difference in cultural norms. She doesn’t think there are disadvantages in her culture. She thinks that every culture has its own advantages and disadvantages. Still, when one comes to another country he or she is a foreigner. The language is the biggest challenge between any two different cultural identities. Mrs. Lambert was faced this challenge and almost coped with it. Yet, she clearly understands that many other cultural challenges are ahead of her. Mrs. Lambert thinks that it is important to assimilate with the culture of the country one now is living in. She supposes that this assimilation is inevitable; however, the extent to which this assimilation should take place with every newcomer should be reasonable. Mrs. Lambert’s family was afraid of her losing her identity on entering another country for the permanent residence; and it was probably one of her most important cultural challenges – to adjust to the new cultural surrounding without losing too much of her own cultural traditions. Assimilation with the cultural traditions of the other country often becomes the means of getting stable position and solid basis for human relations. When immigrants come to another country it is significant and highly important to have a source of strength and support there. It is necessary to have something which unite foreigners and help them feel a little bit be home. It may sound surprising, but yet family remains the principal source of support for her in the U.S. This is the peculiarity of her culture – not only is the family the stem of Lebanese identity, but it is also not influenced by the distance. She also gets a lot of support from the local Lebanese community. They have regular meetings during which they discuss urgent problems and issues, and try to find solutions beneficial for everyone. It is very often, that the members of the community ask for assistance in solving cultural problems, not only related to the language, but to the misunderstanding of the people they are surrounded by of their cultural preferences. Cultural identity at times becomes the matter of difficulty in getting assimilated to the new surrounding. Lebanese culture is not very well supported and popularized there, and it is often that Lebanese newcomers appear in cultural vacuum. Thus, this community and regular meetings become the means of supporting those who need this support. Very often people face personal misunderstanding with the native population, and they try to find the way out of the conflict. In the light of all above said, and taking into account the theories of cultural identity, it is possible to note the following. Cultural identity conflicts are usually called intractable, and thus, they are not possible to be resolved through the traditional approaches. The frames of the individual identity are extremely influenced by the cultural identity and cultural surrounding. The differences in culture often become the ground for the cultural conflict, as the difference in cultural ideas and preferences may be taken by the other side as not simply an outrageous idea, but ridiculous and unreal understanding of the world. For the better cultural communication it may be suggested, that the attitudes towards other cultures should be more tolerate. The cultural ideas and beliefs expressed by the representatives of the other culture should not be taken as unreal or unacceptable. Differences in culture between people will always exist, and thus for the more effective communication it is important to understand and accept the significance of the traditions, which are valued by the other culture, as well as try to better explain the traditions into which the newcomer would wish to assimilate. However, and what is more important, it is not allowed to break the cultural identity of the person; the difference in cultural views does not mean they are wrong. Conclusion The issue of cultural identity was always urgent, and with the growing opportunities for migration, this issue will not soon lose the necessity of being discussed. However, it is important to understand one thing in relation to cultural conflicts: the differences between cultures should not and won’t be erased; they should be treated with tolerance. In conclusion It is important to say that it is up to everyone to decide whether to lead a life of immigrant or not. There are a lot of possibilities to have a nice life in one’s own country where one will be respected. Nobody will look at him or her as if he or she is an alien. One’s country is one’s home one must be proud of it. Everyone must do everything possible to make one’s own country be respected. Escaping from problems at home and going abroad in search for good life and a great number of possibilities to realize oneself is not a way out. Works cited Carrithers, M. Why humans have cultures. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1992 LeBaron, Michelle. Bridging cultural Conflicts: New Approaches for a Changing World. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers. 2003 Mathews, G. Global culture/ Individual identity: Searching for home in the cultural supermarket. London: Routledge. 2000 Stone, Douglas F., Patton, Bruce, and Heen, Sheila. Difficult Conversations: How to Discuss What Matters Most New York: Penguin Press. 2000 How to cite Lebanese Americans, Essay examples

Variable Cost and New Conditioning Shampoo free essay sample

Bingham Corporation uses the weighted-average method in its process costing system. Data concerning the first processing department for the most recent month are listed below. Work in process, beginning: Units in beginning work-in-process inventory| 400| Materials costs| $6,900| Conversion costs| $2,500| Percentage complete for materials| 80%| Percentage complete for conversion| 15%| Units started into production during the month| 6,000| Units transferred to the next department during the month| 5,000| Materials costs added during the month| $112,500| Conversion costs added during the month| $210,300| Ending work in process: Units in ending work-in-process inventory| 1,200| Percentage complete for materials| 60%| Percentage complete for conversion| 30%| Required: Calculate the equivalent units for materials (using the weighted-average method) for the month in the first processing department. Axillar Beauty Products Corporation is considering the production of a new conditioning shampoo that will require the purchase of new mixing machinery. The machinery will cost $375,000, is expected to have a useful life of 10 years, and is expected to have a salvage value of $50,000 at the end of 10 years. We will write a custom essay sample on Variable Cost and New Conditioning Shampoo or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The machinery will also need a $35,000 overhaul at the end of Year 6. A $40,000 increase in working capital will be needed for this investment project. The working capital will be released at the end of the 10 years. The new shampoo is expected to generate net cash inflows of $85,000 per year for each of the 10 years. Axillars discount rate is 16%. Required: (a) What is the net present value of this investment opportunity? (b) Based on your answer to (a) above, should Axillar go ahead with the new conditioning shampoo? (Points : 35) | (TCO C) Nic Saybin Enterprises Accounting Department collects all pertinent monthly operating data. Selected data are presented below for the current month. From the data provided, please provide Saybin Enterprises Management with a flexible budget analysis to see how costs were controlled. | Actual Costs Incurred| Static Budget| Activity level (in units)| 754,009| 746,500| Variable Costs:| Indirect materials| $328,897| $325,640| Utilities| $174,332| $171,890| Fixed Costs:| General and administrative| $237,985| $244,908| Rent| $135,500| $135,000| (Points : 30) (TCO D) Lindon Company uses 4,500 units of Part X each year as a component in the assembly of one of its products. The company is presently producing Part X internally at a total cost of $69,000 as follows: Direct materials| $16,000| Direct labor| 18,000| Variable manufacturing overhead| 10,000| Fixed manufacturing overhead| 25,000| Total costs| $69,000| An outside supplier has offered to provide Part X at a price of $11 per unit. If Lindon stops producing the part internally, one third of the manufacturing overhead would be eliminated. Required: Prepare a make-or-buy analysis showing the annual advantage or disadvantage of accepting the outside suppliers offer.

Clockwork orange movie evaluation Essay Example

Clockwork orange movie evaluation Paper A Clockwork Orange is a psychological thriller that examines and analyzes the effects of a corrupt individual and societys attempts to reintegrate him. The director Stanley Kubrick depicts a deeply chilling and disturbing story of a young man by the name of Alex and is considered a menace to society who is eventually punished for his wrong doings and given the chance of a lifetime to reinvent himself. The new an innovative way to reintegrate disturbed individuals into society is through a type of conditioning that causes a nauseating reaction to violent acts for the patient. It is difficult to determine the time period of the film since Kubrick uses scenery that makes it appear as though it could take place today, tomorrow, yesterday, or even fifty years in the future making it applicable to all times. In addition, Kubrick is very cautious to use problems in society that have been evident and irksome since the beginning of man such as rape, muggings, murder, etc. With this stunning combination of societys everyday problems, A Clockwork Orange is the type of movie that appeals to all time periods and will always be applicable to the troubles that are present in todays society. We will write a custom essay sample on Clockwork orange movie evaluation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Clockwork orange movie evaluation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Clockwork orange movie evaluation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The psychological aspect of the movie is the way in which society wishes that it could deal with them through a simple program that allows the individual to be reborn in a sense and make it physically impossible for them to return to their old devious ways. The conditioned versus an unconditioned response technique is a major factor in Alexs transformation toward becoming an acceptable human being in society. During the first half of the movie before Alex undergoes treatment, he is shown with his fellow droogs or his small four member gang that creates havoc throughout England with their acts of ultra-violence where they commit heinous acts of violence and on random victims. Alex and his droogs are shown in the first scene of the movie at their favorite local hang out joint called the Korova Milkbar where they indulge themselves in drugged milk beverages. The movie never directly states what is in the milk, yet after drinking it, the droogs all seem very excited and almost imagining their environment. This leads one to believe that there was some type of an amphetamine or hallucinogen because the amphetamine would cause an increase in energy and alertness while the hallucinogens caused a sensory distortion (Kalat 94). The amphetamine is considered a stimulant which causes an increase in the activities levels and pleasure which explains the groogs eagerness to go out and expend seemingly endless amounts of energy without so much as breaking a sweat (Kalat 95). This particular milkbar is very unusual in that, the entire room is filled with sexual images of women in compromising positions that are dispersed throughout the room and available to give the laced milk from their nipples. Alex and his groogs hit the streets to begin their night of ultra-violence and it begins with the senseless beating of a drunken homeless man under a bridge. From there, the group heads out even more anxious than before and go to a home of a crippled man and his wife. Upon tricking the wife to allow them in saying they had an awful car accident, and upon entering the four boys begin to rape the woman in front of her husband while he was senselessly beaten. The only major difference between the two encounters is that the boys were a wiser and wore masks during their attack. The psychological aspect during this part of the movie is more to realize the mental capacity of the attackers. The groogs and especially Alex are not phased by the ruthless violence and desperate cries for help from their victims. Most psychologists would conclude from these observations that Alexs problems are not that he enjoys violence, but rather he had a troubled childhood along with his uninvolved parents that shaped him into the monster that he had become. It has been agreed that the majority of social development in humans is established in the earlier stages of childhood and adolescence. One aspect of the movie that infers that Alex has a unique and troubled home life is almost any scene that involves his parents. Alexs parents are very distant and unconcerned with his activities and lack of attendance at school. They are the typical example of uninvolved parents who are very uninterested in their childs activities, do not spend time with them, and may spend very little time with them (Kalat 194). This type of parenting can lead to children who are generally impulsive and undisciplined. Agreeing with this observation is that Alex may have been raised in a broken home and that his mother in the movie is not in fact his biological mother. It is believed that children in broken homes may have more difficulties in the real world have a greater difficulty with their academics, social, and emotions (Kalat 194). This could lead Alex to grow up according to the belief that his attachment was never fully developed to one parent and that he developed later in life the inability to have close relations with others. This includes his friends or groogs who he seems to simply bully around and never confide any secrets or let on that he has confidence in them. Furthermore, Alex has a constant problem with a sexual addiction where he has one night stands and orgies with random girls, yet fails to develop a substantial relationship. This lack of closeness also may have contributed to Alexs inability to identify exactly where he fit in with society and his small identity crisis that he experiences. He seems to be having trouble with his concern with decisions about the future and the quest for self-understanding because he is rather nonchalant about looking toward the future and simply lives off the constant high of his ultra-violence (Kalat 186). Alex is eventually caught for his mischievous acts and given the opportunity to undergo an experimental program to supposedly cure all his illness. The government at this time is offering a new and innovative way to cure disturbed individuals through an extreme version of conditioning. Pavlov first discovered that certain stimulants triggered natural responses in both humans and animals which he called the unconditioned response since it needed no training or reinforcement to encourage it (Kalat 207). By placing another stimulant in addition to the natural response, the animal then reacted to both the stimulant and the natural response in the same way. Alexs government used his unconditioned response of enjoying violence and attempted to correct it by injecting him with a nauseating inducing drug before being shown violent acts. In turn while watching the violent acts Alex began to learn the conditioned response that while he watched violent nature he would feel a wave of immense sickness overwhelm him. While the effects of the drug were the most prevalent Alex was shown films of graphic nature that included rape, murders, and all of the old activities of Alexs past that he used to take pleasure in. All the while, Alex listened to the music of Ludwig von Beethoven during the films in the background. Strangely enough to Alex, he begins to feel an overwhelming feeling that he simply wants to die a calm and painless death despite the fact that Beethoven had once been his favorite composer and that violence once gave him a euphoric feeling. The combination of music the nauseating feeling became the conditioned stimulus which means that they were the new stimulus that induced the conditioned response for Alex to not partake in violence. After many sessions involving this nauseating feeling associated with the violent images, Alex was released back into society and claimed to be completely cured. A simple cure was impossibility due to the fact that those who Alex had hurt in his life such as the homeless man, his groogs, and the crippled old man still had the feelings of resentment toward him. The old man began to beat on Alex with the help of the other homeless people and Alex could do nothing to defend himself but instead sat there being beaten and regaining that nauseating feeling while wanting to die due to his conditioned response. Eventually, Alex coincidentally returns to the home where he had previously raped the woman and her crippled husband recognizes Alex; he locks Alex in a room with the music of Beethoven that was played during the violent images. This unconditioned response causes Alex to go insane without having seen any violence at all. This response is a result of classical conditioning is the result that what had once prepared Alex to watch violent images now cause Alex the same feelings whether or not he is viewing the images. While in the room Alex goes to the extreme and attempts to commit suicide. This does not work and Alex is treated at the local hospital while those in charge of his classical conditioning responses were reprimanded for an inhumane process and treatment. The movie does not directly state, but it leads one to believe that Alex had some type of brain surgery to reverse his classical conditioning effects. It does not appear as though any type of extinction or a removal of the classical conditioning through any other experiments other than surgery (Kalat 210). Soon Alex is back to his old ways of demoralizing women and undisturbed by his thoughts of ultra-violence. It is evident that through this film the idea of classical conditioning being used to reprimand a human or try and change characteristics are futile. While the classical conditioning worked, it may be said that it worked too well and that Alex was unable to be reintroduced into a society where there is a constant negative reinforcement for what he sees. Even if Alex is not actively participating in the violent acts he still is negatively reinforced causing him suicidal thoughts and actions. The problem with Alexs treatment was that the only positive reinforcement, or an encouragement to achieve a conditioned response, was that he no longer craved violence or sex, although it was seemingly easy to reverse the effects of his study. Overall, Alex is a perfect case of the negative effects of classical conditioning and brings up the question if perhaps there is no simple answer to cure any disturbed individuals within a society.